Before IPTW | After IPTW | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Control | Pre Depression or Anxiety | Post Depression or Anxiety | SMD | Control | Pre Depression or Anxiety | Post Depression or Anxiety | SMD | |
Number of patients | 799,645 | 436,023 | 265,092 | 98,530 | 439,688 | 262,698 | 98,843 | ||
Age | 64.4 ± 14.6 | 62.2 ± 14.8 | 68.4 ± 13.6 | 63.8 ± 14.3 | 0.288 | 64.7 ± 14.8 | 64.7 ± 14.6 | 64.7 ± 14.6 | 0.004 |
Age group | 0.299 | 0.011 | |||||||
18–29 | 15,575 (2.0) | 10,993 (2.5) | 2,982 (1.1) | 1,600 (1.6) | 8,511 (1.9) | 5,352 (2.0) | 1,876 (1.9) | ||
30–39 | 30,080 (3.8) | 20,213 (4.6) | 5,990 (2.3) | 3,877 (3.9) | 16,345 (3.7) | 9,897 (3.8) | 3,613 (3.7) | ||
40–49 | 77,743 (9.7) | 50,538 (11.6) | 16,621 (6.3) | 10,584 (10.7) | 42,102 (9.6) | 24,972 (9.5) | 9,318 (9.4) | ||
50–59 | 159,344 (19.9) | 99,047 (22.7) | 39,250 (14.8) | 21,047 (21.4) | 86,248 (19.6) | 51,064 (19.4) | 19,220 (19.4) | ||
60–69 | 192,054 (24.0) | 108,962 (25.0) | 59,223 (22.3) | 23,869 (24.2) | 104,220 (23.7) | 62,565 (23.8) | 23,609 (23.9) | ||
70–79 | 200,233 (25.0) | 93,235 (21.4) | 83,293 (31.4) | 23,705 (24.1) | 110,663 (25.2) | 66,601 (25.4) | 25,191 (25.5) | ||
≥ 80 | 124,616 (15.6) | 53,035 (12.2) | 57,733 (21.8) | 13,848 (14.1) | 71,599 (16.3) | 42,247 (16.1) | 16,016 (16.2) | ||
Sex | 0.250 | 0.005 | |||||||
Male | 455,787 (57.0) | 278,975 (64.0) | 120,703 (45.5) | 56,109 (56.9) | 247,389 (56.3) | 147,549 (56.2) | 55,873 (56.5) | ||
Female | 343,858 (43.0) | 157,048 (36.0) | 144,389 (54.5) | 42,421 (43.1) | 192,299 (43.7) | 115,149 (43.8) | 42,970 (43.5) | ||
Economic status | 0.188 | 0.007 | |||||||
Medicaid | 71,509 (8.9) | 26,737 (6.1) | 36,752 (13.9) | 8,020 (8.1) | 42,540 (9.7) | 24,953 (9.5) | 9,391 (9.5) | ||
Quartile 1 (Lowest) | 148,323 (18.6) | 83,515 (19.2) | 45,496 (17.2) | 19,312 (19.6) | 81,302 (18.5) | 48,810 (18.6) | 18,220 (18.4) | ||
Quartile 2 | 139,003 (17.4) | 81,174 (18.6) | 39,956 (15.1) | 17,873 (18.1) | 75,842 (17.2) | 45,270 (17.2) | 16,970 (17.2) | ||
Quartile 3 | 177,248 (22.2) | 101,855 (23.4) | 53,360 (20.1) | 22,033 (22.4) | 96,532 (22.0) | 57,474 (21.9) | 21,736 (22.0) | ||
Quartile 4 (Highest) | 263,562 (33.0) | 142,742 (32.7) | 89,528 (33.8) | 31,292 (31.8) | 143,472 (32.6) | 86,191 (32.8) | 32,526 (32.9) | ||
Comorbidities | |||||||||
CCI score | 3.7 ± 2.4 | 3.3 ± 2.2 | 4.5 ± 2.5 | 3.7 ± 2.3 | 0.356 | 3.8 ± 2.4 | 3.8 ± 2.4 | 3.8 ± 2.4 | 0.011 |
Hypertension | 563,569 (70.5) | 288,420 (66.2) | 205,534 (77.5) | 69,615 (70.7) | 0.170 | 311,028 (70.7) | 185,561 (70.6) | 69,862 (70.7) | 0.001 |
Dyslipidemia | 587,572 (73.5) | 302,660 (69.4) | 214,687 (81.0) | 70,225 (71.3) | 0.180 | 323,206 (73.5) | 192,607 (73.3) | 73,165 (74.0) | 0.011 |
Acute myocardial infarction | 113,900 (14.2) | 71,165 (16.3) | 31,945 (12.1) | 10,790 (11.0) | 0.105 | 61,334 (14.0) | 35,321 (13.5) | 14,405 (14.6) | 0.022 |
Congestive heart failure | 162,696 (20.4) | 79,483 (18.2) | 65,453 (24.7) | 17,760 (18.0) | 0.109 | 89,721 (20.4) | 53,368 (20.3) | 20,667 (20.9) | 0.010 |
Peripheral vascular disease | 165,899 (20.8) | 68,910 (15.8) | 78,563 (29.6) | 18,426 (18.7) | 0.223 | 92,138 (21.0) | 55,079 (21.0) | 21,074 (21.3) | 0.006 |
Cerebral vascular disease | 312,101 (39.0) | 137,275 (31.5) | 126,620 (47.8) | 48,206 (48.9) | 0.241 | 173,856 (39.5) | 101,747 (38.7) | 38,082 (38.5) | 0.014 |
Dementia | 83,037 (10.4) | 22,996 (5.3) | 51,449 (19.4) | 8,592 (8.7) | 0.296 | 49,146 (11.2) | 27,939 (10.6) | 10,600 (10.7) | 0.012 |
Pulmonary disease | 429,986 (53.8) | 205,746 (47.2) | 171,916 (64.9) | 52,324 (53.1) | 0.240 | 237,472 (54.0) | 141,990 (54.1) | 53,738 (54.4) | 0.005 |
Connective tissue disorder | 45,460 (5.7) | 17,582 (4.0) | 22,746 (8.6) | 5,132 (5.2) | 0.126 | 25,418 (5.8) | 15,159 (5.8) | 5,796 (5.9) | 0.003 |
Peptic ulcer | 346,925 (43.4) | 161,816 (37.1) | 145,327 (54.8) | 39,782 (40.4) | 0.240 | 191,545 (43.6) | 114,418 (43.6) | 43,558 (44.1) | 0.007 |
Liver disease | 76,175 (9.5) | 36,612 (8.4) | 30,476 (11.5) | 9,087 (9.2) | 0.069 | 42,449 (9.7) | 25,642 (9.8) | 9,557 (9.7) | 0.002 |
Diabetes | 382,306 (47.8) | 188,958 (43.3) | 147,275 (55.6) | 46,073 (46.8) | 0.164 | 211,313 (48.1) | 126,145 (48.0) | 47,719 (48.3) | 0.003 |
Diabetes complications | 104,629 (13.1) | 45,705 (10.5) | 47,282 (17.8) | 11,642 (11.8) | 0.142 | 58,178 (13.2) | 34,902 (13.3) | 13,330 (13.5) | 0.005 |
Paraplegia | 50,130 (6.3) | 20,720 (4.8) | 18,363 (6.9) | 11,047 (11.2) | 0.161 | 28,467 (6.5) | 16,269 (6.2) | 5,983 (6.1) | 0.012 |
Renal disease | 74,199 (9.3) | 35,301 (8.1) | 30,734 (11.6) | 8,164 (8.3) | 0.078 | 41,255 (9.4) | 24,857 (9.5) | 9,537 (9.7) | 0.006 |
Tumor | 148,270 (18.5) | 83,605 (19.2) | 47,693 (18.0) | 16,972 (17.2) | 0.034 | 80,952 (18.4) | 48,752 (18.6) | 18,668 (18.9) | 0.008 |
Lymphoma | 3,521 (0.4) | 1,756 (0.4) | 1,278 (0.5) | 487 (0.5) | 0.009 | 1,973 (0.5) | 1,200 (0.5) | 442 (0.5) | 0.001 |
Leukemia | 1,614 (0.2) | 874 (0.2) | 507 (0.2) | 233 (0.2) | 0.007 | 894 (0.2) | 537 (0.2) | 203 (0.2) | 0.001 |
Metastatic cancer | 23,786 (3.0) | 13,639 (3.1) | 7,070 (2.7) | 3,077 (3.1) | 0.018 | 13,055 (3.0) | 7,961 (3.0) | 2,996 (3.0) | 0.002 |
Severe liver disease | 12,107 (1.5) | 5,838 (1.3) | 4,864 (1.8) | 1,405 (1.4) | 0.026 | 6,757 (1.5) | 4,108 (1.6) | 1,528 (1.6) | 0.001 |
HIV | 572 (0.1) | 339 (0.1) | 179 (0.1) | 54 (0.1) | 0.006 | 314 (0.1) | 198 (0.1) | 69 (0.1) | 0.001 |