Table 1 Demographics, abscess characteristics and therapy in 335 patients with liver abscess
From: Prognosis of liver abscess in the intensive care unit (POLAIR), a multicentre observational study
Parameters | Total n = 335 n (%) or Med. [IQR] | Survivor n = 296 n (%) or Med. [IQR] | Deceased n = 39 n (%) or Med. [IQR] | p value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 66 [55–73] | 66 [55–73] | 68 [60–75.5] | 0.300 |
Male gender | 228 (68.1) | 201 (67.9) | 27 (69.2) | 1.000 |
SAPS2 | 42 [31.75–53.25] | 39 [31–52] | 54 [49–66] | 0.001 |
SOFA at ICU admission | 6 [3–9] | 5 [3–8] | 12 [8–15] | < 0.001 |
BMI | 24.28 [22.19–28.65] | 24.35 [22.38–28.71] | 23.67 [21.58–27.11] | 0.608 |
Comorbidities | ||||
CCI | 1 [0–3] | 1 [0–3] | 2 [1–4] | 0.081 |
Diabetes | 100 (29.9) | 81 (27.4) | 19 (48.7) | 0.011 |
Chronic liver disease | 60 (17.9) | 56 (18.9) | 4 (10.3) | 0.270 |
Cancer and hematologic malignancies | 98 (29.3) | 83 (28) | 15 (38.4) | 0.061 |
Cirrhosis CHILD PUGH B or C | 12 (3.6) | 9 (3) | 3 (7.7) | 0.312 |
Chronic kidney disease | 21 (6.3) | 19 (6.4) | 2 (5.1) | 1.000 |
Tobacco use | 102 (30.4) | 94 (31.8) | 8 (20.5) | 0.211 |
Alcohol consumption | 100 (29.9) | 89 (30.1) | 11 (28.2) | 0.957 |
Time from diagnosis to admission, days | 0 [− 1–0] | 0 [− 1 − 0] | 0 [− 3–0] | 0.350 |
Single abscess | 204 (60.9) | 160 (60.8) | 24 (61.5) | 0.476 |
Multiple abscess | 126 (37.6) | 112 (37.8) | 14 (35.9) | 0.952 |
Localisation | ||||
Left lobe involvement only | 61 (18.2) | 54 (18.2) | 7 (17.9) | 1.000 |
Right lobe involvement only | 130 (38.8) | 116 (39.2) | 14 (35.9) | 0.824 |
Bi-lobar involvement | 31 (9.3) | 28 (9.5) | 3 (7.7) | 0.948 |
Abscess greater size, mm | 67 [47–91] | 65 [47–90.75] | 70 [50–105] | 0.753 |
Presumed origin of abscess | ||||
Arterial | 19 (5.7) | 17 (5.7) | 2 (5.1) | 1.000 |
Portal | 36 (10.7) | 35 (11.8) | 1 (2.6) | 0.139 |
Local | 40 (11.9) | 36 (11.8) | 4 (10.3) | 0.934 |
Biliary | 106 (31.6) | 90 (31.4) | 13 (33.3) | 0.953 |
Cryptogenic | 134 (40.0) | 115 (38.8) | 19 (48.7) | 0.296 |
Associated portal vein thrombosis | 45 (13.4) | 31 (10.5) | 14 (35.9) | < 0.001 |
Procedures | ||||
Drainage/percutaneous needle aspiration | 208 (62.1) | 191 (64.5) | 17 (43.6) | 0.018 |
Surgical drainage | 12 (3.6) | 10 (3.4) | 2 (5.1) | 0.638 |
Time from admission to drainage, days | 1 [0–2] | 1 [0–2] | 0 [0–1] | 0.131 |
Time from diagnosis to drainage, days | 2 [1–5] | 2 [1–5] | 2 [0–5.5] | 0.856 |
Antibiotics | 335 (100) | 296 (100) | 39 (100) | |
Duration of antibiotic treatment, days | 35 [21–42] | 42 [21–42] | 4.5 [2–10.75] | < 0.001 |
Antifungal | 27 (8.1) | 20 (6.8) | 7 (17.9) | 0.036 |
Organ support therapy during ICU stay | ||||
Vasopresssor infusion | 209 (62.4) | 171 (57) | 38 (97.4) | < 0.001 |
Vasopresssor infusion duration, days | 1 [0–3] | 1 [0–2] | 3 [1.75–5] | < 0.001 |
Invasive mechanical ventilation | 99 (29.6) | 66 (22.3) | 33 (84.6) | < 0.001 |
Invasive mechanical ventilation duration, days | 0 [0–1] | 0 [0–0] | 2 [1–4] | < 0.001 |
Oxygen therapy | 214 (63.9) | 180 (60.8) | 34 (87.2) | 0.002 |
Renal replacement therapy | 44 (13.1) | 27 (9.1) | 17 (43.6) | < 0.001 |
Red blood cell transfusion | 61 (18.2) | 47 (15.9) | 14 (35.9) | 0.005 |
Death in ICU | 39 (11.6) | |||
Death in hospital | 24 (7.2) | |||
Length of stay in ICU, days | 5 [3–9] | 5 [3–9] | 3 [2–8.5] | 0.121 |
Length of stay in hospital, days | 22 [15–39] |