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Fig. 1 | Critical Care

Fig. 1

From: Monitoring patients with acute respiratory failure during non-invasive respiratory support to minimize harm and identify treatment failure

Fig. 1

Integration of baseline characteristics and monitoring tools during non-invasive respiratory support. A simple algorithm is proposed based on baseline characteristics (i.e., oxygenation and clinical severity) to decide on the appropriateness of a trial of non-invasive respiratory support. Available tools to monitor response are also summarized. Duration of short trial and trial of intermediate duration depends on patients’ individual response to therapy, authors suggest considering 1–2 h for a short trial and 3–6 h for a trial of intermediate duration. * intended to guide decisions in patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure of infectious etiology (e.g., Community acquired pneumonia) or ARDS. PaO2/FiO2 ratio of arterial partial pressure of oxygen to fraction of inspired oxygen; IMV invasive mechanical ventilation; CPAP continuous positive airway pressure; NIV non-invasive ventilation; HFNO high flow nasal oxygen; Vt/PBW ratio of tidal volume to predicted body weight; SPO2/FiO2 ratio of oxygen saturation to fraction of inspire oxygen; PaCO2 arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide; ΔPes esophageal pressure swing; ΔPnose swing in nasal pressure; ΔCVP swing in central venous pressure; EIT electrical impedance tomography; CoV center of ventilation; GI index inhomogeneity index; TFdi thickening fraction of the diaphragm

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Critical Care

ISSN: 1364-8535